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混凝土输送泵堵管经验教训总结


采用砼(tong)(tong)输(shu)送(song)(song)泵沿管(guan)道输(shu)送(song)(song)的砼(tong)(tong),称为泵送(song)(song)砼(tong)(tong)。泵送(song)(song)砼(tong)(tong)的特点(dian)是(shi)料(liao)质(zhi)均(jun)匀,质(zhi)量(liang)稳(wen)定,供料(liao)速(su)度快,可一(yi)次连(lian)续(xu)完成垂(chui)直(zhi)和水平运输(shu),生产(chan)效率高(gao)、节约劳动力(li)。由于输(shu)送(song)(song)泵沿管(guan)道输(shu)送(song)(song)和浇筑,管(guan)道堵塞就是(shi)泵送(song)(song)砼(tong)(tong)令人担心的事。堵管(guan)不但影(ying)响(xiang)效率,也(ye)影(ying)响(xiang)砼(tong)(tong)质(zhi)量(liang),教训十分深刻。


1、骨料级配不良,可泵性差


在(zai)一个工地(di)五层楼板,C25砼,原配合(he)比碎石粒径(jing)0.5~31.5mm 连(lian)续级配,变(bian)(bian)为(wei)0.5~2cm粒径(jing),砂率(lv)仍用(yong)0.35不变(bian)(bian),配料(liao)员认为(wei)石子粒径(jing)变(bian)(bian)小,用(yong)在(zai)同等(deng)级砼配合(he)比上(shang)更畅(chang),未(wei)核实材料(liao)变(bian)(bian)化情况,就原配合(he)比直接作(zuo)为(wei)施(shi)工配合(he)比,结果造成连(lian)续弯管堵塞,

从砼(tong)形态看,显得砼(tong)石子增多,和易性(xing)(xing)(xing)欠佳,流动性(xing)(xing)(xing)变小。后将砂率(lv)调为0.42,水泥用(yong)量(liang)每立方(fang)砼(tong)比原(yuan)来提高15kg,可泵性(xing)(xing)(xing)改善,工地连续(xu)泵送(song)500多方(fang)砼(tong)未发生(sheng)过堵塞(sai)。

分析原因:石子粒径变小,表面积(ji)增大(da),孔隙率也随之增大(da),填充料需要(yao)不足,不能克服(fu)针片状(zhuang)堆积(ji)弯管(guan)处形成(cheng)堵塞,使砼泵送不畅(chang)。


防止措施:泵送砼(tong)骨料针片状(zhuang)控(kong)制在(zai)(zai)18% 以(yi)下(xia),水泥用量(liang)(包括掺和料)不(bu)能低于(yu)280kg/m3 以(yi)下(xia),砼(tong)坍落(luo)(luo)度(du)控(kong)制在(zai)(zai)14~16cm为适宜,特别是低标号砼(tong),坍落(luo)(luo)度(du)超过(guo)18cm 易出现离(li)析堵管,坍落(luo)(luo)度(du)低于(yu)12cm,造成输送不(bu)畅而堵塞。


配合比一定要(yao)根据(ju)材料变化(hua)调试(shi),不能凭经(jing)验(yan)代(dai)用(yong)配合比,造成(cheng)泵(beng)送(song)砼(tong)效(xiao)益和质(zhi)量的降低。


2、送剂与水泥相容性差堵管


水(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)和化学外加剂(ji)的(de)(de)相容性(xing)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)个重要问题。我站(zhan)就地(di)取材选用(yong)本地(di)质量较(jiao)好的(de)(de)立窑水(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni),选掺(chan)普(pu)通泵(beng)送(song)(song)剂(ji),砼出机坍(tan)落度(du)(du)20cm,砼运达10公里运距工地(di),坍(tan)落度(du)(du)保(bao)留(liu)值(zhi)(zhi)只有(you)6cm,造成泵(beng)送(song)(song)困难(nan)、堵管。外加剂(ji)厂说他(ta)供(gong)应的(de)(de)泵(beng)送(song)(song)剂(ji)是(shi)(shi)适合(he)C3A值(zhi)(zhi)低于8%的(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni),是(shi)(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)不适应外加剂(ji),经查(cha)水(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)厂供(gong)应我站(zhan)该批水(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)C3A含量高(gao)达9.38%。在(zai)我站(zhan)、外加剂(ji)厂、水(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)厂的(de)(de)协调会议上,水(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)厂承(cheng)诺将C3A控制在(zai)8.5%以(yi)内,而且稳定,外加剂(ji)厂保(bao)证供(gong)应砼搅拌站(zhan)坍(tan)落度(du)(du)增(zeng)加值(zhi)(zhi)12cm以(yi)上的(de)(de)泵(beng)送(song)(song)剂(ji)其坍(tan)落度(du)(du)1小时损失值(zhi)(zhi)不超(chao)过5cm,水(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)净浆(jiang)扩展度(du)(du)≮24cm。水(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)厂供(gong)应搅拌站(zhan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)先由搅拌站(zhan)实验室(shi)取样检测,符合(he)要求才送(song)(song)货。经试用(yong)未再出现因水(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)与外加剂(ji)不相容,坍(tan)落度(du)(du)损失快或急凝而影响泵(beng)送(song)(song)的(de)(de)现象(xiang)。


3、砼急凝堵管


某工地在细雨绵绵的初春,当日室外自然温度只有14℃,砼罐车拉到施工现场约半小时,原出站时坍落度为16cm,现场检测为2cm坍落度,经加泵送剂调凝到12cm,开始泵送约30分钟罐内砼放出流动度不好,在泵车料斗成团凝状,查管线已堵塞,只好立即清理管道,罐内砼加入砼调凝剂和

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